Sitasiyo ya Base

Sitasiyo fatizo ni itumanaho rusange rigendanwa, nuburyo bwa radio. Yerekeza kuri radiyo yohereza amakuru kuri radiyo itanga amakuru hamwe na terefone igendanwa binyuze mu kigo cyitumanaho rya terefone igendanwa mu karere runaka. Ubwoko bwabwo burashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bikurikira:Sitasiyo fatizo ya Macro, yagabanije sitasiyo fatizo, sitasiyo fatizo ya SDR, gusubiramo, n'ibindi.

Sitasiyo ya Macro

Sitasiyo fatizo ya Macro bivuga ibyuma bidafite ibimenyetso-byohereza amakuru yibanze yabatumanaho. Sitasiyo ya Macro ikora intera ndende, muri rusange km 35. Birakwiriye ahantu hamwe n’imodoka zitatanye mu nkengero. Bafite ibyerekezo byose n'imbaraga nyinshi. Sitasiyo ya Micro ikoreshwa cyane mumijyi, ikingira intera ni nto, mubisanzwe 1-2km, hamwe nicyerekezo.Msitasiyo ya icrobase ikoreshwa cyane mugukingira buhumyi ahantu hashyushye mumijyi. Mubisanzwe, imbaraga zo kohereza ni nto cyane, kandi intera yo gukwirakwiza ni 500m cyangwa munsi yayo. Imbaraga zibikoresho bya macro shingiro muri rusange ni 4-10W, ihindurwamo igipimo cyerekana ibimenyetso bitagira umurongo wa 36-40dBm. Ongeraho inyungu ya 20dBi ya antenne yibanze ya sitasiyo ni 56-60dBm.

YatanzweBaseStation

Ikwirakwizwa ryibanze ni igisekuru gishya cyibicuruzwa bigezweho bikoreshwa kugirango urangize urusobe. Ikintu nyamukuru kiranga ni ugutandukanya radiyo yumurongo utunganya radio na macro base base base baseband itunganya no kuyihuza binyuze muri fibre optique. Igitekerezo cyibanze cyimiterere ya sitasiyo yagabanijwe ni ugutandukanya gakondo ya macro base base baseband ishami rishinzwe gutunganya (BBU) hamwe nigice cyo gutunganya radio (RRU). Byombi bihujwe hakoreshejwe fibre optique. Mugihe cyo kohereza imiyoboro, ishami rishinzwe gutunganya baseband, umuyoboro wibanze, hamwe nibikoresho byo kugenzura imiyoboro idafite umurongo byibanze mubyumba bya mudasobwa kandi bigahuzwa na radiyo yumurongo wa kure ikorerwa ahabigenewe hifashishijwe fibre optique kugirango irangize imiyoboro, bityo bikagabanya amafaranga yo kubaka no kubungabunga. no kunoza imikorere.

Ikwirakwizwa fatizo ryagabanijwe rigabanya ibikoresho gakondo bya macro base ya sitasiyo mubice bibiri bikora ukurikije imikorere. Baseband, kugenzura nyamukuru, kohereza, isaha, nibindi bikorwa bya sitasiyo fatizo byinjijwe muri module yitwa baseband unit BBU (Base Band Unit). Igice ni gito mubunini kandi aho ushyira ni byoroshye; imiyoboro ya radiyo yo hagati nka transceiver na amplifier yinjizwa mubindi byitwa kure ya radiyo yumurongo wa kure, kandi igice cya radio RRU (Radio Radio Remote) gishyirwa kumpera ya antenna. Igice cya radiyo yumurongo hamwe na baseband bihujwe binyuze muri fibre optique kugirango bibe igisubizo gishya cya sitasiyo.

SDRBaseStation

SDR (Radio Definition Radio) ni "software isobanura radio", ni tekinoroji yo gutumanaho itagira umurongo, cyane cyane, ni uburyo bwo gushushanya cyangwa igitekerezo cyo gushushanya. By'umwihariko, SDR bivuga protocole y'itumanaho idafite umugozi ishingiye ku bisobanuro bya software aho gushyira mu bikorwa ibyuma byabigenewe. Hano hari uburyo butatu bwibanze bwa SDR ibyuma byububiko: Imiterere ya SDP ishingiye kuri GPR, Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) ishingiye kuri SDR (Non-GPP), hamwe na GPP + FPGA / SDP ishingiye kuri Hybrid SDR. Imiterere ya SDR ishingiye kuri GPP niyi ikurikira.

Sitasiyo fatizo ya SDR ni sisitemu fatizo ya sisitemu yateguwe kandi yatejwe imbere ishingiye ku gitekerezo cya SDR. Ikintu kinini kiranga ni uko radiyo yumurongo wa radiyo ishobora gutegurwa no gusobanurwa, kandi irashobora kumenya igabanywa ryubwenge bwa spécran hamwe ninkunga yuburyo bwinshi bwurusobe, ni ukuvuga ko ishobora gukoreshwa mubikoresho bimwe bya platform. Tekinoroji yo gushyira mubikorwa imiyoboro itandukanye, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo gikurikira, umuyoboro wa GSM + LTE ushyirwa mubikorwa bimwe.

Gusubiramo RP

Gusubiramo RP: Gusubiramo RP bigizwe nibice cyangwa module nka antene,RF duplexers, urusaku ruke, kuvanga, ESCattenuators, muyunguruzi, imbaraga zongerera imbaraga, nibindi, harimo kuzamura no kumanura amplification ihuza.

Ihame shingiro ryimirimo yaryo ni: gukoresha antenne yimbere (antenne y'abaterankunga) kugirango yakire ibimenyetso byamanuka bya sitasiyo fatizo muri repetater, kongera ibimenyetso byingirakamaro binyuze mumajwi make, byongera ibimenyetso byurusaku mubimenyetso, na kunoza igipimo cyerekana-urusaku (S / N). ); noneho iramanuka ihindurwamo ibimenyetso byigihe gito, ikayungururwa nayunguruzo, ikongerwaho numuyoboro mugari, hanyuma igahinduka kuri radio yumurongo, ikongerwamo ingufu na amplifier, hanyuma ikoherezwa kuri sitasiyo igendanwa na antenne isubira inyuma (retransmission antenne); icyarimwe, antenne yinyuma ikoreshwa Ikimenyetso cya uplink kiva kuri terefone igendanwa cyakiriwe kandi kigatunganywa na uplink amplification ihuza inzira itandukanye: ni ukuvuga ko inyura mu majwi make yongerera imbaraga, kumanuka-guhindura, kuyungurura, hagati amplifier, hejuru-ihindura, hamwe nimbaraga zongera imbaraga mbere yo koherezwa kuri sitasiyo fatizo. Ibi bigerwaho muburyo bubiri hagati ya sitasiyo fatizo na sitasiyo igendanwa.

Gusubiramo RP ni ibicuruzwa byerekana ibimenyetso. Ibipimo nyamukuru byo gupima ubuziranenge bwisubiramo harimo urwego rwubwenge (nko gukurikirana kure, nibindi), IP3 yo hasi (munsi ya -36dBm itabiherewe uburenganzira), urusaku ruke (NF), kwizerwa kwimashini muri rusange, serivisi nziza tekinike , n'ibindi.

Gusubiramo RP ni igikoresho gihuza imirongo y'urusobe kandi gikunze gukoreshwa muburyo bwo kohereza ibyerekezo byombi byerekana ibimenyetso bifatika hagati y'urusobekerane.

Gusubiramo

Gusubiramo nigikoresho cyoroshye cyo guhuza imiyoboro. Byuzuza cyane cyane imikorere yumubiri. Irashinzwe guhererekanya amakuru buhoro buhoro kurwego rwumubiri rwibice bibiri no kuzuza ibimenyetso bya kopi, guhindura, hamwe nibikorwa byo kwagura uburebure bwurusobe.

Kubera igihombo, imbaraga z'ikimenyetso zoherejwe kumurongo zizagenda ziyongera buhoro buhoro. Iyo attenuation igeze kurwego runaka, bizatera kugoreka ibimenyetso, bityo biganisha ku makosa yo kwakira. Abasubiramo bagenewe gukemura iki kibazo. Irangiza guhuza imirongo ifatika, yongerera ibimenyetso ibimenyetso, kandi ikagumana kimwe namakuru yambere.

Ugereranije na sitasiyo fatizo, ifite ibyiza byuburyo bworoshye, ishoramari rito, hamwe nogushiraho byoroshye. Irashobora gukoreshwa cyane mubice byimpumyi n’intege nke bigoye gutwikirwa, nk'ahantu hacururizwa, amahoteri, ibibuga byindege, ikibuga, sitasiyo, stade, inzu yimyidagaduro, metero, tunel, nibindi. Birashobora gukoreshwa ahantu hatandukanye nka umuhanda munini n'ibirwa kunoza ireme ryitumanaho no gukemura ibibazo nko guhamagarwa.

Ibigize itumanaho rya terefone isubiramo biratandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko.

(1)Gusubiramo

Ikimenyetso cyo kumanura cyakiriwe kuva kuri sitasiyo fatizo kandi cyongerewe kugirango gitwikire icyerekezo cy'umukoresha; ikimenyetso cya uplink cyakiriwe kubakoresha no koherezwa kuri sitasiyo fatizo nyuma ya amplification. Kugabanya itsinda, aumurongo-unyuramoni Yongeyeho.

(2)Gusubiramo inshuro nyinshi

Guhitamo inshuro, kuzamuka no kumanura inshuro zimanuka-zihinduranya hagati. Nyuma yo gutoranya inshuro nyinshi no kugabanya imirongo ikorwa, hejuru-ihuza na downlink inshuro zisubizwa no guhinduka.

(3)Sitasiyo nziza ya fibre yoherejwe

Ikimenyetso cyakiriwe gihindurwamo ibimenyetso bya optique binyuze mumashanyarazi, hanyuma nyuma yo kohereza, ikimenyetso cyamashanyarazi gisubizwa muburyo bwo guhindura amashanyarazi hanyuma cyoherezwa.

(4)gusubiramo inshuro nyinshi

Kuzamura inshuro yakiriwe kuri microwave, hanyuma uyihindure inshuro yakiriwe mbere nyuma yo kohereza, iyongereze, kandi wohereze hanze.

(5)Gusubiramo mu nzu

Gusubiramo mu nzu ni igikoresho cyoroshye, kandi ibisabwa biratandukanye nibisubirwamo hanze. Ibigize itumanaho rya terefone isubiramo biratandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko.

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