Njengamanje, ngokuthuthuka kancane kancane kwezinhlelo ze-StarLink, i-Telesat, i-OneWeb kanye ne-AST ye-AST's, ukuxhumana kwesathelayithi okujikeleza kancane kuyakhuphuka futhi. Ikhwelo "lokuhlanganisa" phakathi kwezokuxhumana ngesathelayithi kanye nokuxhumana kwamaselula asemhlabeni nalo liya liba phezulu. U-Chen Shanzhi ukholelwa ukuthi izizathu eziyinhloko zalokhu yintuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kanye nezinguquko ezifunwayo.
Mayelana nobuchwepheshe, enye inqubekelaphambili yobuchwepheshe bokwethulwa kwesathelayithi, okuhlanganisa nokuqanjwa kabusha kwezobuchwepheshe okucekela phansi okufana “nomcibisholo owodwa onamasathelayithi amaningi” kanye nokugaywa kabusha kwamarokhethi; okwesibili inqubekelaphambili yobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza isathelayithi, okuhlanganisa nokuqhubeka kwezinto, ukuphakelwa kukagesi, nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula; okwesithathu ubuchwepheshe besekethe obudidiyelwe Ukuthuthuka kwamasathelayithi, ukwenziwa kancane, ukumodularization, kanye nokuhlanganisa amasathelayithi, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamakhono okucubungula ebhodini; okwesine ukuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana. Ngokuvela kwe-3G, 4G, kanye ne-5G, izimpondo ezinkulu, i-millimeter wave Ngokuthuthuka kwesimo nokunye, ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana beselula obusemhlabeni bungasetshenziswa kumasathelayithi.
Ngasohlangothini lwesidingo, ngokwanda kwezicelo zemboni nemisebenzi yabantu, izinzuzo zokuthintana ngesathelayithi ukusabalala komhlaba wonke kanye nokumbozwa komkhathi seziqala ukuvela. Kuze kube namuhla, uhlelo lwezokuxhumana ngomakhalekhukhwini olusemhlabeni seluhlanganise abantu abangaphezu kuka-70%, kodwa ngenxa yezinto zobuchwepheshe kanye nezomnotho, luhlanganisa kuphela u-20% wendawo ewumhlaba, okuyindawo elinganiselwa ku-6% kuphela esekelwe endaweni engaphezulu komhlaba. Ngokuthuthuka kwemboni, ezokundiza, ulwandle, ezokudoba, uphethiloli, ukuqapha imvelo, imisebenzi yangaphandle yasemgwaqweni, kanye namasu kazwelonke kanye nokuxhumana kwezempi, njll., kunesidingo esinamandla sokumbozwa kwendawo ebanzi nendawo.
U-Chen Shanzhi ukholelwa ukuthi ukuxhumana okuqondile kwezingcingo eziphathwayo kumasathelayithi kusho ukuthi ukuxhumana ngesathelayithi kuzongena emakethe yabathengi kusuka emakethe yezicelo zemboni. "Kodwa-ke, kuyahlekisa ukusho ukuthi i-Starlink ingathatha isikhundla noma ichithe i-5G." U-Chen Shanzhi uveze ukuthi ukuxhumana ngesathelayithi kunemikhawulo eminingi. Esokuqala ukumbozwa kwendawo okungavumelekile. Amasathelayithi amathathu ahambisanayo aphezulu angamboza umhlaba wonke. Amakhulu amasathelayithi anemizila ephansi ahamba ngesivinini esiphezulu uma eqhathaniswa nomhlabathi futhi angamboza ngokulinganayo kuphela. Izindawo eziningi azivumelekile ngoba abekho abasebenzisi. ; Okwesibili, izimpawu zesathelayithi azikwazi ukumboza ngaphakathi nangaphandle ezimbozwe izindawo ezingaphezulu namahlathi asezintabeni; okwesithathu, i-miniaturization yamatheminali wesathelayithi kanye nokungqubuzana phakathi kwezimpondo, ikakhulukazi abantu sebejwayele izimpondo ezakhelwe ngaphakathi zamafoni avamile (abasebenzisi abanawo umqondo), Iselula yeselula yesathelayithi yezentengiselwano isenayo i-antenna yangaphandle; okwesine, ukusebenza kahle kwe-spectral yokuxhumana ngesathelayithi kuphansi kakhulu kunokuxhumana kwamaselula. Ukusebenza kahle kwe-spectrum kungaphezu kuka-10 bit/s/Hz. Okokugcina, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba kuhilela izixhumanisi eziningi ezifana nokukhiqizwa kwesathelayithi, ukwethulwa kwesathelayithi, okokusebenza komhlabathi, ukusebenza kwesathelayithi kanye nensizakalo, izindleko zokwakha nokusebenza nokugcinwa kwesathelayithi yokuxhumana ngayinye izikhathi eziyishumi noma ngisho namakhulu kunezendawo. base station, ngakho-ke imali yokuxhumana izokhuphuka nakanjani. Iphakeme kune-5G yokuxhumana kwamaselula asemhlabeni.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nohlelo lwezokuxhumana lwamaselula wasemhlabeni, umehluko oyinhloko wobuchwepheshe nezinselelo zohlelo lokuxhumana ngesathelayithi imi kanje: 1) Izici zokusabalalisa zesiteshi sesathelayithi kanye nesiteshi somhlaba zihlukile, ukuxhumana ngesathelayithi kunebanga elide lokusabalalisa, ukulahleka kwendlela yokusabalalisa isignali kukhulu, futhi ukubambezeleka kokudlulisela kukhulu. Ukuletha izinselele zokuxhumanisa isabelomali, ubudlelwano besikhathi kanye nohlelo lokudlulisa; I-2) Ukunyakaza kwe-satellite yejubane eliphezulu, okubangela ukusebenza kokulandelela kokuvumelanisa isikhathi, ukulandelela imvamisa yokuvumelanisa (umphumela we-Doppler), ukuphathwa kokuhamba (ukushintshashintsha kwe-beam njalo kanye nokushintshwa kwe-inter-satellite), ukumodemu ukusebenza kwe-Demodulation nezinye izinselele. Isibonelo, umakhalekhukhwini ungamamitha angamakhulu ambalwa kuphela ukuya ezingeni lekhilomitha ukusuka esiteshini sesisekelo esiphansi, futhi i-5G ingasekela isivinini sokunyakaza kwetheminali engu-500km/h; kuyilapho isathelayithi ezungeza kancane iqhele ngamakhilomitha angama-300 kuya ku-1,500 ukusuka kumakhalekhukhwini ohamba phansi, futhi isathelayithi ihamba ngesivinini esingaba ngu-7.7 siye ku-7.1km/s uma siqhathaniswa nomhlabathi, sidlule ku-25,000km/h.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-20-2022
